Pakistan has reopened the friendship gate at the Afghan border in Chaman, resuming trade activities, Nato supplies and transit trade between the two countries, the media reported on Monday.

Pakistan had closed the border at Chaman and Torkham on Friday in connection with parliamentary elections in Afghanistan that had suspended trade activities in the border town Chaman and Spin Boldak, reports Dawn news.

Hundreds of trucks carrying Nato supplies and transit trade goods crossed into Afghanistan after reopening of the border on Sunday.

Pakistan had closed the border soon after the Kandahar Police chief, the governor and intelligence chief of Kandahar and a cameraman were killed in the firing in the Governor House.

IANS

The UN’s drug strategy of the past 10 years has been a failure, according to a report by the International Drug Policy Consortium (IDPC), which has called for a major rethinking of global policy on illegal narcotics.

The report released on Sunday claimed that UN efforts to eliminate the illegal drug market by 2019 through a “war on drugs” approach has had scant effect on global supply while having negative effects on health, human rights, security and development, CNN reported.

According to the report, drug-related deaths have increased by 145 per cent over the last decade, with more than 71,000 overdose deaths in the US in 2017 alone.

At least 3,940 people were executed for drug offenses around the world over the last 10 years, while drug crackdowns in the Philippines resulted in around 27,000 extrajudicial killings.

The IDPC, a network of 177 national and international NGOs concerned with drug policy and drug abuse, is urging the UN General Assembly Special Session on Drugs to consider a different approach to narcotics strategy for the next 10 years in the run-up to a March 2019 summit in Vienna, Austria.

“This report is another nail in the coffin for the war on drugs,” said Ann Fordham, the Executive Director of IDPC, in a statement.

“The fact that governments and the UN do not see fit to properly evaluate the disastrous impact of the last ten years of drug policy is depressingly unsurprising.”

The UN was not immediately available for comment on the report, reports CNN.

In 2017, Mexico, for example, recorded its most murderous year on record due to soaring levels of drug-related violence.

As previously reported by CNN, the Mexican National Institute of Statistics and Geography revealed that there were 31,174 homicides over the course of the year — an increase of 27 per cent over 2016.

IANS

The lawyer of a prominent Sri Lankan student who was accused of plotting to assassinate Australian politicians said he will sue police after prosecutors dropped terrorism charges on Friday.

Mohamed Kamer Nizamdeen, 25, was arrested in August and accused of writing in a notebook plans to kill then-Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull and then-Foreign Minister Julie Bishop.

Police also alleged the PhD student possessed plans to carry out a “lone wolf” attack on several public places, including the Sydney Opera House, and he appeared to have links to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) group.

Nizamdeen, a respected business student at the University of New South Wales, spent four weeks in jail after being charged with making documents to facilitate terrorist acts.

He was kept in solitary confinement in a maximum-security prison along with convicted murderers.

Prosecutors withdrew the charges in Sydney’s Central Local Court on Friday. He had been released on bail in September after police admitted an expert concluded it could not be proved the plot was in his handwriting.

‘Unforgivable circumstances’
Nizamdeen’s lawyer, Moustafa Keir, told reporters outside court his client would apply for legal costs and sue the police.

“What authorities have done to this young man is absolutely unforgivable,” Kheir said.

“We will be seeking justice for him in the NSW Supreme Court. It’s a terrible experience, as a young man who has done everything right in life, he has gone through supermax jail in unforgivable circumstances.”

After Nizamdeen’s arrest, family members and hundreds of supporters in Sri Lanka held protests urging a swift and fair investigation.

Nizamdeen comes from a prominent Sri Lankan family. His uncle Faiszer Musthapha, the country’s sports minister, insisted his nephew was innocent.

Aljazeera

The seven-storey Roa Roa Hotel, with its clean lines and bright blue decor, was one of the few high-rises in the small Indonesian city of Palu, on Sulawesi Island, offering a dash of style to visitors on a budget.

Just under half the hotel’s 50 rooms were booked on the last Friday of September, many of them by athletes competing in a gliding championship that was taking place nearby. As evening fell, some guests headed out for dinner. Others chose to stay behind and relax.

Then the ground began to rumble. Staff and guests rushed to escape as the magnitude 7.5 quake cracked the hotel’s concrete columns, reducing the building to a pile of twisted steel and rubble.

The Roa Roa, which was completed in 2014, wasn’t the only major building that failed in the quake and the tsunami that followed. The Mercure hotel overlooking the city’s distinctively shaped bay, the Ramayana shopping centre, hospitals, schools and the airport’s control tower were all badly damaged in the disaster, which left more than 2,100 people dead and hundreds missing.

Indonesia is one of the world’s most disaster-prone countries, experiencing seismic activity on an almost daily basis and an earthquake of magnitude 5 about once a week on average. Just two months before the Sulawesi disaster, two earthquakes rocked the island of Lombok, killing 500.

‘Wake-up call’
“I see that these earthquakes are our wake-up call,” Raditya Jati, director of disaster risk reduction at Indonesia’s National Agency for Disaster Management (BNPB), told Al Jazeera.

“This is the right moment for us [to have] structural mitigation and non-structural mitigation. There’s got to be an effort to manage risk.”

It’s not only earthquakes that put Indonesians at risk. The archipelago is vulnerable to a range of other natural disasters including landslides, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions, which make it even more complicated to build structures that can survive the impact.

Palu also saw widespread soil liquefaction with entire communities disappearing into the resulting mud.

“[Sulawesi] was a complex disaster,” said Elizabeth Hausler, founder and CEO of Build Change, which works in developing countries, including Indonesia, to help local communities build homes that can better withstand natural disasters.

“We should be able to design a control tower to withstand that, but this is complex science, complex research, and complex engineering. The US, Japan and maybe a few other countries are state of the art on this, but it has not spread throughout the world.”

Over the past 30 years, Indonesia has reported an average of 289 significant natural disasters each year with an average annual death toll of about 8,000 people, according to the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery. While falling masonry and collapsed buildings are the main cause of injury and death in an earthquake, it is only recently that Indonesia began to tighten its construction regulations.

Seismic resistance
The first building codes were issued in 1998 and it was only in 2002 that a national building law was passed (it had been a draft since 1964). A national standard on seismic design was established in 2012, along with a revised manual on improving seismic resistance in larger buildings. Indonesia’s earthquake risk map, meanwhile, was updated last year, identifying the areas of the archipelago most at risk of seismic activity.

“An appropriately designed earthquake-resistant building should perform satisfactorily during an earthquake,” said Wael Hassan, an associate professor in structural and earthquake engineering at the University of Alaska.

Like other developing nations in earthquake-prone regions, Hassan said that, in Indonesia, there is a large gap between design practices, construction itself and the enforcement of building regulations. “A good seismic design with poor construction and quality control won’t help resist the earthquake.”

An earthquake prediction map prepared by Indonesia’s BNPB [National Agency for Disaster Management]
Architects admit there is pressure to reduce costs, and changes are made as a result. But they insist there is no compromising safety.

“In my experience, the client asks for the cheapest possible,” said Brahmastyo Puji Pamadyo, who is head of the professional registration department at the Institute of Architects Indonesia in Jakarta.

“But every time we discuss this with the client, the architect, the structural expert and others, safety standards are something that are non-negotiable. So if they want to reduce the budget, what could be bargained over is something like the facade or interior materials – but not like, ‘let’s reduce one column’.”

Earthquake-resistant buildings need to be engineered for horizontal forces (tremors) as well as the vertical forces of a conventional building, to have strong connections between their concrete columns and horizontal beams and to incorporate numerous other features to reduce the risk of outright collapse during an earthquake.

“They might be repairable and they might not be repairable, but they won’t kill people and that’s the most important thing,” said Hassan.

Searching for solutions
The World Bank currently estimates the cost of the disaster in Sulawesi at $500m, including damage totalling $185m for commercial and industrial buildings and $165m for infrastructure.

“The high impact on commercial-industrial buildings could affect operations and recovery in the retail and tourism, education and health sectors,” the ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance, known as the AHA Centre, wrote in its most recent update on the situation.

Losses could well be higher because World Bank estimate does not include the costs of equipment, social impact, or effects on business.

“We don’t look for someone to blame,” said Jati. “We’re looking for a solution for the future. If we have adopted this map and we’re aware that there’s the risk of an earthquake, there’s got to be monitoring on how to control it. We’re not talking only about the government, but also the developer, private sector, or anyone who is developing within high-risk area.”

Many Indonesians will not resort to professional architects or engineers when building their own homes, instead doing it themselves using bricks, concrete and tiles.

“They think that using [a] steel core is something luxurious,” IAI’s Pamadyo said. “In many houses, they’re just using bricks. They think that strong material is a strong structure when actually [a strong] structure is a system.”

Build Change has been working in Indonesia since 2005 and provides training in bricklaying and other crucial construction skills, as well as simple manuals to help villagers build safer homes.

Rescue workers and a soldier remove a victim of the September 28 earthquake from the Balaroa neighbourhood of Palu
Hausler said construction standards have improved greatly in recent years, especially in Sumatra where a number of serious quakes have underlined the need for safer homes.

“We have seen things change,” she said. “We see an improvement and people building back better… We also see people going back to building in timber, maybe with a masonry skirt wall. It’s actually much better in an earthquake.”

‘Nervous’
In Sulawesi, nearly 68,500 homes were destroyed in the disaster, but houses are actually subject to less stringent regulations on earthquake resistance than buildings that are considered of greater importance to the community – an airport, hospital or other building where large numbers of people gather – or central to disaster response.

With a badly damaged runway and no functional control tower, Palu’s skies were closed at a time when emergency teams were desperate to get into the city and residents eager to get out.

Collapsed hospitals and damaged clinics made it hard to treat the badly injured – more than 4,600 people in Palu and surrounding districts. Some 45 health facilities were destroyed or damaged in and around Palu, according to the AHA Centre.

Working in the hard-hit area of Sigi, which was also affected by soil liquefaction, MERCY Malaysia found patients fearful of stepping inside the district health facility.

MERCY Malaysia field hospital near a damaged clinic in earthquake-hit central Sulawesi [MERCY Malaysia]
“Like all other buildings that are still standing there are cracks on the walls,” said Dr Shalimar Abdullah, a specialist with MERCY Malaysia’s relief team, which helped set up a field hospital outside.

“Even visitors like us were nervous entering the building, what more the patients who have to spend hours waiting in line.”

Indonesian schools, while usually single-storey, tend to have large windows and an unreinforced gable roof that is vulnerable to collapse in an earthquake. More than 2,700 were damaged in the Sulawesi disaster. Experts say revisions to school design standards are necessary to reinforce the masonry around the windows – making them sturdier – and helping strengthen the entire structure.

The Roa Roa’s architects declined to speak to Al Jazeera. But as rescue teams continued to search the rubble for survivors earlier this month, the hotel’s owner, Denny Liem, appeared on local television.

“The hotel was designed to withstand an earthquake as high as 8 on the Richter scale,” he told the reporter as dust billowed in the air.

Aljazeera

Bhutan’s voters have handed an overwhelming victory to a new party headed by a surgeon in only the third democratic election held by the Himalayan kingdom, according to provisional results.

The country of 800,000 people, wedged between giant neighbours China and India and known for its Gross National Happiness index, has now chosen a different party to rule at each election since the end of absolute monarchy in 2008.

The centre-left Druk Nyamrup Tshogpa (DNT), which was only formed in 2013, won 30 of the 47 national assembly seats in Thursday’s vote, according to the provisional results released by Bhutan’s election commision. Official results are to be announced Friday.

Druk Phuensum Tshogpa (DPT) secured the other 17 seats in the runoff contest limited to the two parties who led a first round of voting in September, the AFP news agency reported.

The last ruling party was excluded from the contest.

DNT leader Lotay Tshering, a 50-year-old urology surgeon who trained in Bangladesh and Australia, vowed to work for “nation-building” in the country, which is battling high foreign debt, mainly owed to India, as well as youth employment, rural poverty and criminal gangs.

Both parties had vowed to boost the economy with Tshering’s party using the slogan “Narrowing The Gap”.

The DPT, which won Bhutan’s first election in 2008 but did not get a seat in the 2013 vote, had wanted to accelerate the building of hydropower plants which dominate the economy, with electricity mainly exported to India.

The DNT has been more wary about increasing Bhutan’s debt to pay for more power plants.

Aljazeera

The top security leadership of Afghanistan’s Kandahar has been assassinated in a brazen gun attack claimed by the Taliban, leaving a power vacuum in the crucial province ahead of Saturday’s elections.

General Abdul Raziq, one of Afghanistan’s most powerful security officials, was killed along with Kandahar’s intelligence chief, Abdul Mohmin, when a bodyguard opened fire after a meeting in the southern province, officials said.

Deputy provincial governor Agha Lala Dastageri said Kandahar Governor Zalmai Wesa also died of his wounds after being taken to a local hospital, although security officials in the capital maintained Wesa was wounded but survived.

Citing US military officials, TOLOnews reported that Wesa survived the attack after undergoing surgery, adding that he is in stable condition.

General Scott Miller, the top US commander in Afghanistan who had been at the meeting with Raziq only moments earlier, was also uninjured in the attack.

In their claim of responsibility, the Taliban said they had targeted both Miller and Raziq, who had a fearsome reputation as a ruthless opponent of the armed group.

The killing of Raziq is a major blow to the Afghan government ahead of parliamentary elections on October 20, which the Taliban have vowed to disrupt.

Hashem Ahelbarra, reporting from Kabul, said two US official were also wounded in the attack.

“There was a meeting between the US top commander in Afghanistan Scot Miller and top government representatives in Kandahar. After that meeting, there was gunfire inside the governor’s compound.

“In that gunfire, the intelligence chief, and the top police commander were killed. Two Americans were injured,” Ahelbarra reported.

Taliban claim
The Taliban have managed to infiltrate the most secure government meetings on multiple occasions this year, striking at the heart of its command.

“The brutal police chief of Kandahar has been killed along several other officials,” a Taliban statement said.

Raziq was criticised by human rights groups but highly respected by US officers who saw him as one of Afghanistan’s most effective leaders, largely responsible for keeping Kandahar province under control.

Afghan election candidate killed in Taliban attack
A flamboyant commander, he had survived several attempts on his life over many years and narrowly escaped an attack last year in which five diplomats from the United Arab Emirates were killed in Kandahar.

NATO spokesperson Colonel Knut Peters said Miller, who took command of US and forces and the NATO-led Resolute Support mission in Afghanistan last month, was uninjured but he confirmed that two Americans were wounded in the crossfire.

 

The US military on Tuesday said its special forces conducted an airstrike in the vicinity of Harardhere town in Mudug region of central Somalia on October 12, killing 60 Al Shabab militants.

The US Africa Command (Africom) which oversees American troops on the African continent said this airstrike was the largest airstrike against the militants since November 21, 2017, when American forces killed about 100 terrorists in an airstrike against the insurgents’ camp, Xinhua reported.

“We currently assess this airstrike killed approximately 60 terrorists. We also currently assess this airstrike did not injure or kill any civilians,” Africom said in a statement.

Africom has vowed to work with its partners to transfer the responsibility for lasting security from the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) to the Somali government and its member states.

“Alongside our Somali and international partners, we are committed to preventing al-Shabab from taking advantage of safe havens from which they can build capacity and attack the people of Somalia,” the statement said.

“In particular, the group uses portions of southern and central Somalia to plot and direct terror attacks, steal humanitarian aid, extort the local populace to fund its operations, and shelter radical terrorists.” it said.

Ians

An Afghan election candidate has been killed in Helmand province in an attack claimed by Taliban, officials said.

Abdul Jabar Qahraman, who was preparing to contest Saturday’s parliamentary polls was killed in his office in the Lashkar Gah city, a senior government official told Reuters news agency.

Seven people were injured in the blast.

The Taliban claimed responsibility for the attack hours after they released a statement warning teachers and students not to participate in the parliamentary elections due on October 20, and not to allow schools to be used as polling centres.

Dozens of Afghan police were killed or wounded in heavy fighting in northern and central provinces overnight on Tuesday, just days before parliamentary elections which the Taliban have promised to disrupt.

The Taliban armed group has called for the boycott of the elections.

“People who are trying to help in holding this process successfully by providing security should be targeted and no stone should be left unturned for the prevention and failure [of the election],” Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid earlier said in the statement.

Helmand, bordering Pakistan, has long been one of the strongholds of the Taliban group, which has been waging an armed rebellion since they were removed from power in Afghanistan by US-led forces in 2001.

Aljazeera

Pakistan’s anti-corruption body was on Tuesday granted a 14-day extension in the remand of Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) President Shehbaz Sharif in a multi-billion rupee housing scam case.

The former Punjab Chief Minister, who has been in the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) custody since October 6, was presented in the accountability court in Lahore amid tight security as his 10-day remand in the Ashiana Housing Scheme case ended.

He will now be in NAB’s remand till October 30, Dawn online reported.

The anti-graft body said Sharif was involved in corruption in the housing scheme during his tenure as the Chief Minister from 2013 to May 2018. It said that he had “misused his powers” and granted contracts to unqualified companies of his friends, causing “losses of millions of rupees to the national exchequer”.

Sharif was arrested earlier this month inside the anti-graft watchdog’s Lahore office where he was summoned to record his statement in connection with the Punjab Saaf Pani Company case.

He denies the graft allegations, describing these as “false and baseless”.

During the Tuesday hearing, the leader said that he had not misused his seat or done any corrupt practice. “This is a false accusation, I have saved the country’s money and put it in the national exchequer.”

“I was called for Saaf Pani and arrested for Ashiana,” he told the court.

Later, talking to Geo News outside the accountability court, Sharif said: “They could not prove a penny’s worth corruption against me. I call NAB officers myself to question me.”

The bureau was also investigating Shehbaz Sharif in the clean water project scam, Paragon Housing Society scandal and Punjab Power Company corruption cases.

IANS

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on Sunday threatened to inflict “very strong blows” on Hamas after fresh violence along the fence that separates the besieged Gaza Strip from Israel.

Israeli forces killed seven protesters along the fence on Friday during the ongoing weekly Great March of Return protests, which began in March.

Though largely peaceful, some protesters have employed tactics such as flying incendiary balloons and kites that float over Israel’s separation fence and set fire to agricultural land on the Israeli side.

“We are very close to another type of action which would include very strong blows. If Hamas is intelligent, it will cease fire and violence now,” Netanyahu said during a weekly cabinet meeting.

Israel announced it would suspend all fuel deliveries to the Gaza Strip, after fresh protests along the fence that saw seven Palestinians killed by Israeli troops.

Gaza, which already suffers from chronic power outages, relies on fuel shipments from Israel to power its electricity-generating plant. Just last week, a deal had been reached with Israel for the passage of Qatari-funded fuel to Gaza to increase electricity supplies.

The majority of people in Gaza are originally from parts of present-day Israel.
A UN-brokered deal had seen Qatar pledge to pay $60m for fuel to be brought into Gaza over six months.

On Saturday, Israel’s Minister of Defense Avigdor Lieberman said fuel deliveries would only resume if there was a “total cessation of violence, the launching of incendiary balloons (from Gaza towards Israel) and the use of burning tyres against Israeli towns” near the enclave.

For their part, Palestinian protesters have faced Israeli tear gas and sniper fire during the mass protests.

At least 205 Palestinians and one Israeli have been killed since protests began on March 30.

The protesters are demanding to be allowed to return to their villages and homes from which their families were removed to make way for present-day Israel.

Aljazeera